CAN THO CITY DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Khảo sát khả năng bảo vệ gan của cao methanol lá Mơ Leo (Paederia scandens L.) trên chuột tổn thương gan bằng carbon tetrachloride
Nghiên cứu được các tác giả Phan Kim Định, Nguyễn Thị Thanh Lan, Nguyễn Trọng Tuân và Đái Thị Xuân Trang (Khoa Khoa học Tự nhiên, Trường Đại học Cần Thơ) thực hiện.

Cây Mơ Leo (Paederia scandens L.), thuộc họ Cà phê (Rubiaceae), là cây mọc hoang và được dùng làm thuốc điều trị một số bệnh trong dân gian. Lá Mơ Leo (LML) được dùng để giảm đau, giải độc, chữa nhiều bệnh thường gặp như: ho, các chứng co thắt túi mật và dạ dày ruột, viêm gan vàng da, phong thấp đau nhức gân cốt, viêm da, eczema, lở loét da…

Hiệu quả bảo vệ gan của cao lá Mơ Leo - LML (Paederia scandens L.) được khảo sát trên chuột tổn thương gan bằng carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Chuột được gây tổn thương gan bằng CCl4 pha trong dầu olive với tỷ lệ 1:4 với liều uống là 2,5 ml/kg/ngày và uống mỗi ngày trong thời gian 4 tuần. Hiệu quả bảo vệ gan của cao LML được khảo sát bằng cách cho chuột uống cao LML ở các nồng độ 100, 200 và 400 mg/kg trọng lượng chuột sau 1 giờ uống CCl4. Silymarin được sử dụng như đối chứng dương.

Kết quả thí nghiệm cho thấy, sau 4 tuần thí nghiệm, hàm lượng các enzyme AST giảm lần lượt 94,2%, 98%, 99%, enzyme ALT giảm lần lượt 91,6%, 93,5%, 95,2%. Hiệu quả bảo vệ gan của cao LML có thể so sánh tương đương với sylimarin liều 16 mg/kg trọng lượng chuột. Quan sát tiêu bản hiển vi lát cắt ngang gan chuột cho thấy mô gan của nhóm chuột được điều trị bằng cao LML nồng độ 200 và 400 mg/kg cải thiện đáng kể so với nhóm chuột không được điều trị.

Các số liệu trong nghiên cứu này đã chứng minh rằng cao LML có khả năng bảo vệ gan chống lại tổn thương do CCl4 gây ra khá tốt. Tại các nồng độ được khảo sát, cao LML đều cho thấy có khả năng làm giảm hàm lượng enzyme ALT, AST hiệu quả. Bên cạnh đó, việc sử dụng cao LML cũng giúp cải thiện được cấu trúc mô học gan chuột thí nghiệm.

Tạp chí Khoa học Trường ĐHCT, Tập 54, Số 7A (2018)
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