CAN THO CITY DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Tuyển chọn chủng vi khuẩn Lactic có tiềm năng ứng dụng tạo chế phẩm sinh học (probiotic) bổ sung vào thức ăn chăn nuôi
Nghiên cứu do nhóm tác giả Nguyễn Thị Hồng Nhung, Lê Thị Thương, Nguyễn Thị Thu Hằng và Nguyễn Thị Huyền thuộc Trường Đại học Lâm nghiệp thực hiện.

Probiotic là những vi sinh vật sống khi được bổ sung vào cơ thể với liều lượng đủ lớn sẽ tạo ra lợi ích đối với sức khỏe của vật chủ. Các loài vi sinh vật phổ biến được tìm thấy trong các sản phẩm probiotic hiện nay là một số loài vi khuẩn có lợi, nấm hoặc nấm men và thường gặp nhất là các chủng Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus, BifidobacteriumStreptococcus, ngoài sự gia tăng hoạt động của chúng cũng làm giảm số lượng vi khuẩn có hại như: Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens...

Hình minh họa: Lactobacillus plantarum (Nguồn: internet)

Mục đích nghiên cứu này là phân lập được vi khuẩn lactic từ các mẫu thực phẩm lên men đanh giá một số đặc tính probiotic của chúng để ứng dụng tạo chế phẩm probiotic bổ sung vào thức ăn chăn nuôi. Mười chủng vi khuẩn đã được phân lập sử dụng môi trường MRS (de Man, Rogosa & Sharpe). Sử dụng phương pháp khuếch tán đĩa thạch, 3 chủng C2, LA6 và LT7 có khả năng đối kháng tốt nhất với cả 3 loại vi khuẩn gây bệnh: E. coli, Samonella sp, Shigella sp. Những chủng này tiếp tục được đánh giá khả năng sinh enzyme ngoại bào cao hơn chủng LA6. Hai chủng LT7 và C2 được đánh giá khả năng chịu pH thấp (từ 2 đến 4), chịu muối mật (0,5 - 3%), kháng 3 loại kháng sinh (Tetracycline, Gentamycin, Streptomycin) nồng độ 10 - 50 mg/ml, nhận thấy LT7 có khả năng chịu pH thấp, muối mật và kháng sinh cao hơn chủng C2, Chủng LT7 đã được lựa chọn là chủng probiotic tiềm năng và được định danh là Lactobacillus plantarum dựa trên trình tự gen 16S rRNA (1445 bp) đã được phân tích. Nghiên cứu đặc tính sinh lý, sinh hóa của chủng này cho kết quả: tế bào hình que dài, không sinh catalase, có khả năng lên men lactose.

Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ Lâm nghiệp số 2 năm 2019
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