CAN THO CITY DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Một số yếu tố nguy cơ tim mạch ở bệnh nhân lupus ban đỏ hệ thống
Nghiên cứu do nhóm tác giả Nguyễn Thị Ái Vân - Bệnh viện Đa khoa tỉnh Phú Thọ, Nguyễn Thị Bạch Yến - Viện Tim mạch Việt Nam, Bệnh viện Bạch Mai, Hoàng Thị Lâm - Trung tâm Dị ứng – Miễn dịch Lâm sàng, Bệnh viện Bạch Mai thực hiện.

 

Ảnh minh họa.

Tử vong do tim mạch là một trong những nguyên nhân tử vong hàng đầu của bệnh nhân lupus ban đỏ hệ thống(SLE). Ở bệnh nhân lupus ngoài yếu tố nguy cơ tim mạch truyền thống còn có các yếu tố liên quan đến bệnh. Nghiên cứu nhằm mục tiêu xác định mức độ phổ biến của các yếu tố nguy cơ tim mạch và tìm mối liên quan giữa một số yếu tố nguy cơ tim mạch với mức độ hoạt động của bệnh SLE. Nghiên cứu 117 bệnh nhân điều trị nội trú tại Trung tâm Dị ứng – Miễn dịch Lâm sàng - Bệnh viện Bạch Mai, phương pháp mô tả cắt ngang.

Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, 82,7% bệnh nhân là nữ; tuổi trung bình: 37,5 ± 12,7; tỷ lệ THA: 44,4 %; ĐTĐ: 8,6%; RLMM: 93,2%; Hút thuốc: 9,4%; BMI: 19,2± 2,5kg/m2 ; thời gian mắc bệnh: 4,8 ± 3,5năm; Điểm SLEDAI:11,6 ± 3,1; hs-CRP: 23,2 ± 49,8mg/l trong đó CRP ≥ 2mg/l chiếm 63,3%; Fibrinogen 4,0 ± 1,7 g/l; Protein niệu 24h: 2,0 ± 2,6 g/l; 100% dùng corticoid với liều corticoid trung bình: 10,4 ± 5,8mg/ngày; 85,5% sử dung Hydroxychloroquine; tỷ lệ giảm C3, C4: 65%, 46,2%; albumin máu giảm chiếm 79,4%; tỷ lệ thiếu máu:76,1%. Có tương quan thuận giữa tăng huyết áp và thời gian mắc bệnh (p=0,016, r= 0,22).Tương quan giữa rối loạn lipid máu và mức độ hoạt động bệnh (p=0,015; r=0,45). Tương quan thuận giữa cholesterol toàn phần (p=0.03, r=0,41), triglycerid (p=0,03, r=0,49); LDL-C (p=0,05, r=0,36), tương quan nghịch: HDL-C (p=0,04;r= -0,39 với mức độ hoạt động bệnh. Tương quan thuận giữa nồng độ hs-CRP (p=0,017; r=0,22), fibrinogen (p=0,045; r=0,43) và protein niệu (p=0,01; r=0,23) với mức độ hoạt động bệnh. Tương quan thuận giữa protein niệu với liều corticoid (p=0,04, r=0,15). Bệnh nhân SLE có tỷ lệ mắc nguy cơ tim mạch cao, đặc biệt các yếu tố liên quan đến bệnh vì vậy điều trị phòng đợt hoạt động của bệnh cũng góp phần phòng bệnh tim mạch.

Tạp chí Tim mạch học Việt Nam, số 90/2019 (ctngoc)
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