CAN THO CITY DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Nguy cơ thai sản ở bệnh nhân tim bẩm sinh có tăng áp động mạch phổi
Nghiên cứu do nhóm tác giả Nguyễn Đình Phúc - Đại học Y Hà Nội, Kim Ngọc Thanh và Trương Thanh Hương thực hiện.

 Ảnh minh họa.

Tăng áp động mạch phổi là biến chứng chính của nhóm bệnh tim bẩm sinh shunt trái – phải. Các bệnh nhân tim bẩm sinh có tăng áp động mạch phổi có nguy cơ tử vong do hậu quả của tình trạng suy tim phải. Gánh nặng cho tim phải tăng lên khi các bệnh nhân này có thai do sự biến đổi về thể tích tuần hoàn và huyết động, đặc biệt là 3 tháng cuối thai kì, thời điểm chuyển dạ, và hậu sản. Nguy cơ thai sản của sản phụ mắc tim bẩm sinh có tăng áp động mạch phổi rất cao với tỉ lệ tử vong mẹ 30- 56% và tỉ lệ tử vong thai nhi là 11-28%. Tại Việt Nam, chưa có báo cáo công bố về quản lý thai sản cho nhóm bệnh nhân này. Do đó, chúng tôi đề xuất nghiên cứu với mục tiêu mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và các biến cố thai sản ở các sản phụ mắc tim bẩm sinh có tăng áp động mạch phổi.

Nghiên cứu nhằm mục tiêu mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và các biến cố thai sản ở các sản phụ mắc tim bẩm sinh có tăng áp động mạch phổi. Sử dụng phương pháp nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang, gồm 45 sản phụ mắc tim bẩm sinh có tăng áp động mạch phổi. Biến cố thai sản được ghi nhập bao gồm tử vong mẹ, suy hô hấp sau sinh, đẻ non, tử vong sau sinh, thai chậm phát triển thể chất.

Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, nghiên cứu ghi nhận tỉ lệ tử vong sản phụ là 6,7%, tỉ lệ trẻ bị suy hô hấp sau sinh là 54,8%, tỉ lệ trẻ tử vong sau sinh là 12,9%. Các sản phụ mắc tim bẩm sinh có tăng áp động mạch phổi có nguy cơ biến cố thai sản rất cao nên cần được quản lí thai sản chuyên sâu.

Tạp chí Tim mạch Việt nam, số 90/2019
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