CAN THO CITY DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Phát triển pin mặt trời perovskite an toàn
Một nhóm các nhà nghiên cứu được Quỹ Khoa học Quốc gia hỗ trợ tại Đại học Bắc Illinois và Phòng thí nghiệm Năng lượng tái tạo Quốc gia Hoa Kỳ ở Golden, Colorado, nghiên cứu đăng trên tạp chí Nature về bước đột phá tiềm năng trong việc phát triển pin mặt trời lai perovskite.

Pin mặt trời Perovskite chuyển đổi ánh sáng thành điện năng và có khả năng sản xuất rẻ hơn và đơn giản hơn so với pin mặt trời truyền thống dựa trên silicon. Tuy nhiên, pin mặt trời lai perovskite hoạt động hàng đầu thường có chứa chì, làm tăng mối lo ngại về khả năng rò rỉ chì từ pin bị hư hỏng.

Nhóm nghiên cứu đã phát triển một kỹ thuật để cô lập chì trong pin mặt trời perovskite, giảm thiểu nguy cơ rò rỉ độc hại.

Một màng hấp thụ chì trong suốt được áp dụng cho kính dẫn ở mặt trước của pin mặt trời. Màng cô lập chứa các nhóm axit photphonic liên kết với chì mạnh nhưng không cản trở pin cảm thụ ánh sáng.

Điện cực kim loại ở mặt sau, không cần độ trong suốt, sử dụng một màng polymer rẻ tiền hơn được pha trộn với các tác nhân tạo chì.

Trong phòng thí nghiệm, trong điều kiện pin mặt trời bị hỏng, các màng hấp thụ chì đã cô lập 96% rò rỉ chì. Các thí nghiệm của các nhà khoa học tiếp tục chỉ ra rằng các lớp hấp thụ chì không ảnh hưởng tiêu cực đến hiệu suất của pin hoặc sự ổn định hoạt động lâu dài.

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