CAN THO CITY DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Liệu pháp mới chống lại vi rút Zika
Một nghiên cứu mới của các nhà lý sinh Đại học Alberta đã tiết lộ cách một cấu trúc hiếm hình thành bên trong RNA từ vi rút Zika khiến nó có khả năng chống lại hệ thống miễn dịch của cơ thể chúng ta. Kết quả nghiên cứu cung cấp một mục tiêu tiềm năng cho các liệu pháp thuốc mới để chống lại virus.

Tế bào của chúng ta chứa đầy các enzym có tên gọi là RNase có chức năng nhai - hoặc phân hủy - ARN khỏi vi rút xâm nhập để bảo vệ tế bào của chúng ta chống lại nhiễm trùng. "Rào cản" mà nhóm nghiên cứu là một phần của bộ gen virus Zika giúp nó có khả năng chống lại việc bị suy thoái bởi các RNases trong tế bào của chúng ta.

Do khả năng chống lại sự suy thoái này, các mảnh RNA của virus vẫn còn trong tế bào của chúng ta — và thậm chí có thể được sao chép và truyền từ mẹ sang thai nhi trong thời kỳ mang thai, dẫn đến các khuyết tật ở não nghiêm trọng ở trẻ sơ sinh, chẳng hạn như tật đầu nhỏ.

Các nhà khoa học phát hiện ra rằng sự hình thành cấu trúc này từ một sợi RNA liên quan đến quá trình của một số cấu trúc không hoàn chỉnh, gọi là chất trung gian, hình thành trước khi tập hợp thành nút kháng RNase cuối cùng. Đây là một khám phá quan trọng có thể mở đường cho các phương pháp tiếp cận mới để chống lại Zika bằng cách nhắm mục tiêu đến các chất trung gian trước khi nút hình thành hoàn toàn.

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