CAN THO CITY DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Nghiên cứu điều kiện thủy phân dịch quả thanh long ruột đỏ (hylocereus polyrhizus) và thử nghiệm lên men rượu
Nghiên cứu do tác giả Hoàng Quang Bình, Dương Thị Ngọc Diệp, Lê Thị Như và Mai Thanh Tòng đang công tác tại Trường Đại học Nông Lâm Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh thực hiện.

Thanh long ruột đỏ chứa nhiều vitamin, carbohydrate, chất xơ, betacyanin và  polyphenol tốt cho sức khỏe, hạn chế quá trình oxy hóa (Jamilah et al., 2011). Thanh long ruột đỏ được tiêu thụ chủ yếu ở dạng tươi. Chế biến đa dạng hóa sản phẩm giúp nâng cao giá trị kinh tế trái thanh long là điều cần được quan tâm. Người tiêu dùng Việt Nam ngày càng có xu hướng gia tăng sử dụng sản phẩm rượu lên men từ trái cây. Tuy nhiên, thịt trái thanh long chứa nhiều pectin, làm cho dịch quả sau quá trình xay chà có độ nhớt cao, dẫn đến khó khăn khi lọc. Phương pháp sinh học thủy phân dịch quả bằng enzyme là một hướng đi hiệu quả để giải quyết vấn đề này do có các ưu điểm nổi bật như: hiệu quả xử lý cao, an toàn sinh học, không làm ảnh hưởng nhiều đến đặc điểm cảm quan của nguyên liệu, dễ ứng dụng trong sản xuất quy mô lớn.

Ảnh minh họa: Internet

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm xác định thông số thủy phân dịch thanh long ruột đỏ bằng enzyme Pectinex Ultra SP-L và đánh giá chất lượng nước thanh long ruột đỏ sau lên men. Chế phẩm enzyme Pectinex Ultra SP-L bổ sung vào trong dịch quả với tỷ lệ 0,3% và điều kiện thủy phân ở nhiệt độ 50 trong 1 giờ đã cho hiệu suất thu hồi dịch quả 77,03%, hiệu suất thu hồi betacyanin 82,31%, hiệu suất thu hồi polyphenol tổng số 41,57% và độ truyền suốt 86,28%. Kết quả phân tích sắc ký khí rượu có 49 hợp chất tạo mùi, trong đó chủ yếu là nhóm alcohol (9 nhóm) và ester (14 nhóm). Sản phẩm đạt yêu cầu về một số chỉ tiêu hóa học cơ bản theo TCVN 7045:2013 cho rượu vang:  ethanol 0,00967 g/L, aldehyde 1,12 mg/L, hàm lượng ethanol 9,5%.

Tạp chí Khoa học Trường ĐHCT Tập 56, Số 3B (2020)
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